- 업종: Government; Labor
- Number of terms: 77176
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
A professional who conducts research in nature, cause, and control of plant diseases and decay of plant products. Responsibilities include:
* Studies and compares healthy and diseased plants to determine symptoms of diseased condition.
* Inoculates healthy plants with culture of suspected agents taken from diseased plants and studies effects to determine agents responsible for disease.
* Isolates disease-causing agent, studies habits and life cycle, and devises methods of destroying or controlling agent (microbiologist).
* Tests possible control measures under laboratory and field conditions for comparative effectiveness, practicality, and economy.
* Investigates comparative susceptibility of different varieties of plants and develops varieties immune to disease (plant breeder).
* Studies rates of spread and intensity of disease under different conditions of soil, climate, and geography, and predicts outbreaks of plant diseases.
* Determines kinds of plants and insects that harbor or transmit disease.
* Studies losses from deterioration of perishable plant products in transit or storage and develops practices to prevent or reduce losses.
* Determines presence of disease producing agents in seed stocks to reduce losses from seed borne diseases.
* May specialize in type of plant affected, such as cereal crops, fruit, or forest trees, or by type of disease, such as bacterial, virus, fungus, mycoplasma, or nematode.
* May inspect flower and vegetable seeds and flowering bulbs for diseases, infections, and insect injuries.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who studies origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, habits, life processes, diseases, relation to environment, growth and development, genetics, and distribution of animals. Responsibilities include:
* Studies animals in natural habitat and collects specimens for laboratory study.
* Dissects and examines specimens under microscope and uses chemicals and various types of scientific equipment to carry out experimental studies.
* Prepares collections of preserved specimens or microscopic slides for such purposes as identification of species, study of species development, and study of animal diseases.
* May raise specimens for experimental purposes.
* May specialize in one aspect of animal study, such as functioning of animal as an organism, or development of organism from egg to embryo stage.
* May specialize in study of reptiles, frogs, and salamanders and be designated Herpetologist; of fish and fishlike forms and be designated Ichthyologist; of sponges, jellyfish, and protozoa and be designated Invertebrate Zoologist; of birds and be designated Ornithologist; of mammals and be designated Mammalogist.
* May study animals for purposes of identification and classification and be designated Animal Taxonomist; or study effects of environment on animals and be designated Animal Ecologist.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who studies effects of toxic substances on physiological functions of human beings, animals, and plants to develop data for use in consumer protection and industrial safety programs. Responsibilities include:
* Designs and conducts studies to determine physiological effects of various substances on laboratory animals, plants, and human tissue, using biological and biochemical techniques.
* Interprets results of studies in terms of toxicological properties of substances and hazards associated with misuse of products containing substances.
* Provides information concerning toxicological properties of products and materials to regulatory agency personnel and industrial firms.
* Reviews toxicological data submitted by others for adequacy, and suggests amendment or expansion of data to clarify or correct information.
* Confers with governmental and industrial personnel to provide advice on precautionary labeling for hazardous materials and products and on nature and degree of hazard in cases of accidental exposure or ingestion.
* Prepares and maintains records of studies for use as toxicological resource material.
* Testifies as expert witness on toxicology in hearings and court proceedings.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who studies human health-and-safety aspects of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals. Responsibilities include:
* Studies long-term health implications of low-dose pesticide exposure and determines safe worker reentry intervals.
* Reviews and provides recommendations on medical regulations governing use of pesticides.
* Reviews information and recommendations pertaining to safe levels of pesticide residues on agricultural products.
* Recommends specifications for safe working conditions for workers exposed to pesticides or their residues, and makes recommendations on public safety aspects of pesticide exposure.
* Confers with health department personnel to develop programs to improve ability of physicians and other medical personnel to diagnose, treat, and report pesticide-related illnesses.
* Confers with government agency representatives, physicians, university staff members, and other research workers to develop health and safety standards related to pesticide exposure.
* Advises industry representatives on organization of adequate medical supervision programs for employers.
* Prepares reports on research studies.
* Addresses interested groups as requested.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who applies scientific and engineering principles in research, development, production technology, quality control, packaging, processing, and utilization of foods. Responsibilities include:
* Conducts basic research, and new product research and development of foods.
* Develops new and improved methods and systems for food processing, production, quality control, packaging, and distribution.
* Studies methods to improve quality of foods, such as flavor, color, texture, nutritional value, convenience, or physical, chemical, and microbiological composition of foods.
* Develops food standards, safety and sanitary regulations, and waste management and water supply specifications.
* Tests new products in test kitchen and develops specific processing methods in laboratory pilot plant, and confers with process engineers, flavor experts, and packaging and marketing specialists to resolve problems.
* May specialize in one phase of food technology, such as product development, quality control, or production inspection, technical writing, teaching, or consulting.
* May specialize in particular branch of food technology, such as cereal grains, meat and poultry, fats and oils, seafood, animal foods, beverages, dairy products, flavors, sugars and starches, stabilizers, preservatives, colors, and nutritional additives, and be identified according to branch of food technology.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who applies scientific and engineering principles in research, development, production technology, quality control, packaging, processing, and utilization of foods. Responsibilities include:
* Conducts basic research, and new product research and development of foods.
* Develops new and improved methods and systems for food processing, production, quality control, packaging, and distribution.
* Studies methods to improve quality of foods, such as flavor, color, texture, nutritional value, convenience, or physical, chemical, and microbiological composition of foods.
* Develops food standards, safety and sanitary regulations, and waste management and water supply specifications.
* Tests new products in test kitchen and develops specific processing methods in laboratory pilot plant, and confers with process engineers, flavor experts, and packaging and marketing specialists to resolve problems.
* May specialize in one phase of food technology, such as product development, quality control, or production inspection, technical writing, teaching, or consulting.
* May specialize in particular branch of food technology, such as cereal grains, meat and poultry, fats and oils, seafood, animal foods, beverages, dairy products, flavors, sugars and starches, stabilizers, preservatives, colors, and nutritional additives, and be identified according to branch of food technology.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who plans, directs, and conducts studies concerned with incidence of disease in industrial settings and effects of industrial chemicals on health. Responsibilities include:
* Confers with industry representatives to select occupational groups for study and to arrange for collection of data concerning work history of individuals and disease concentration and mortality rates among groups.
* Plans methods of conducting epidemiological studies and provides detailed specifications for collecting data to personnel participating in studies.
* Develops codes to facilitate computer input of demographic and epidemiological data for use by data processing personnel engaged in programming epidemiological statistics.
* Compares statistics on causes of death among members of selected working populations with those among general population, using life-table analyses.
* Analyzes data collected to determine probable effects of work settings and activities on disease and mortality rates, using valid statistical techniques and knowledge of epidemiology.
* Presents data in designated statistical format to illustrate common patterns among workers in selected occupations.
* Initiates and maintains contacts with statistical and data processing managers in other agencies to maintain access to epidemiological source materials.
* Evaluates materials from all sources for addition to or amendment of epidemiological data bank.
* Plans and directs activities of clerical and statistical personnel engaged in tabulation and analysis of epidemiological information to ensure accomplishment of objectives.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who conducts experiments to detect presence of harmful or pathogenic bacteria in water, food supply, or general environment of community and to control or eliminate sources of possible pollution or contagion. Responsibilities include:
* Makes periodic laboratory counts of bacteria in water supply.
* Analyzes samples of sewage for harmful micro-organisms and for rate of sludge purification by aerobic bacteria.
* Examines milk, shellfish, and other food items for micro-organisms constituting menace to public health.
* Cooperates with hospitals and clinical laboratories in identifying micro-organisms taken from diseased persons to determine presence of bacteria causing contagious or epidemic diseases.
* May inoculate members of community against contagious diseases.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who prepares and embeds in plastic, biological specimens of plant and animal life for use as instructional aids. Responsibilities include:
* Selects plant or animal specimen in preserved or dried state.
* Dissects animal and cleans all matter from skeletal structures.
* Prepares slices or cross sections of small animals, embryos, or cross sections of animal organs, such as glands, kidneys, hearts, or eyes.
* Selects, trims, and stains a variety of stalks, flowers, and leaves to show plant structure and systems.
* Selects different stains to clearly indicate support structure, circulatory system, or other feature of plant or animal.
* Assembles and positions components of specimen in mold, using pins and holding devices.
* Mixes polylite plastic or other material and completes embedding by varied molding techniques.
* Works with plants, animals, mollusks, insects, and other classes of plants and animals.
* Identifies type and age of specimen, date of preparation, and type of embedding material used.
* May operate incubator to grow chicken eggs for embryo specimens.
* May prepare ecological kits which demonstrate polluting conditions in water, soil, or air.
Industry:Professional careers
A professional who fumigates, presses, and mounts plant specimens, and maintains collection records of herbarium maintained by botanical garden, museum, or other institution. Responsibilities include:
* Records identification information concerning incoming plants.
* Places specimens in fumigation cabinet and turns valves to release toxic fumes that destroy insects, fungus, or parasites adhering to specimens.
* Arranges specimens between sheets of unsized paper so that upper and under portions of leaves, blossoms, and other components are visible, and pads paper with layers of felt and newsprint to protect specimens and form stacks.
* Places specified number of stacks in pressing frame and writes identification information on top layer of paper on each stack.
* Secures frame around stacks by tightening frame section with screws, fastening with leather straps, or tying with twine, to compress stacks and press and dry specimens in desired configuration.
* Mounts dried specimens on heavy paper, using glue, adhesive strips, or needle and thread, taking care to prevent distortion or breakage of specimens.
* Writes identification information on papers and inserts mounted specimens in labeled envelopes or folders.
* Files folders in drawers or cabinets according to standard botanical classification system.
* Maintains card files of specimens in herbarium collection and records of acquisitions, loans, exchanges, or sales of specimens.
Industry:Professional careers
