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The twisted-ladder shape that two linear strands of DNA assume when complementary nucleotides on opposing strands bond together..
Industry:Biology
A mutation in which a large segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.
See also: mutation.
Industry:Biology
A class of DNA sequences that can move from one chromosomal site to another..
Industry:Biology
A phenotypic trait produced by two or more genes working together.
See also: polygenic disorder.
Industry:Biology
A method of separating large molecules (such as DNA fragments or proteins) from a mixture of similar molecules. An electric current is passed through a medium containing the mixture, and each kind of molecule travels through the medium at a different rate, depending on its electrical charge and size. Agarose and acrylamide gels are the media commonly used for electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids..
Industry:Biology
Possessing three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the normal two copies.
See also: cell, gene, gene expression, chromosome.
Industry:Biology
A molecule usually composed of 25 or fewer nucleotides; used as a DNA synthesis primer.
See also: nucleotide.
Industry:Biology
A process using high-voltage current to make cell membranes permeable to allow the introduction of new DNA; commonly used in recombinant DNA technology.
See also: transfection.
Industry:Biology
A nitrogenous base normally found in RNA but not DNA; uracil is capable of forming a base pair with adenine.
See also: base pair, nucleotide.
Industry:Biology
