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Stretches of DNA that do not code for genes; most of the genome consists of so-called junk DNA which may have regulatory and other functions. Also called non-coding DNA..
Industry:Biology
RNA that serves as a template for protein synthesis.
See also: genetic code.
Industry:Biology
The genetic material found in mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell. Not inherited in the same fashion as nucleic DNA.
See also: cell, DNA, genome, nucleus.
Industry:Biology
Enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nucleic acids on preexisting nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides or DNA from deoxyribonucleotides..
Industry:Biology
A combination of DNA molecules of different origin that are joined using recombinant DNA technologies..
Industry:Biology
Procedure used to join together DNA segments in a cell-free system (an environment outside a cell or organism). Under appropriate conditions, a recombinant DNA molecule can enter a cell and replicate there, either autonomously or after it has become integrated into a cellular chromosome..
Industry:Biology
Sequences of varying lengths that occur in multiple copies in the genome; it represents much of the human genome..
Industry:Biology
A class of RNA having structures with triplet nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the triplet nucleotide coding sequences of mRNA. The role of tRNAs in protein synthesis is to bond with amino acids and transfer them to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled according to the genetic code carried by mRNA..
Industry:Biology
