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The fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located in a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional product (i.e., a protein or RNA molecule).
See also: gene expression.
Industry:Biology
Putting sequenced fragments of DNA into their correct chromosomal positions..
Industry:Biology
Short preexisting polynucleotide chain to which new deoxyribonucleotides can be added by DNA polymerase..
Industry:Biology
Repeated copying of a piece of DNA; a characteristic of tumor cells.
See also: gene, oncogene.
Industry:Biology
A technique that uses X-ray film to visualize radioactively labeled molecules or fragments of molecules; used in analyzing length and number of DNA fragments after they are separated by gel electrophoresis..
Industry:Biology
In genetics, the right of people to restrict access to their genetic information..
Industry:Biology
A gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes that is always expressed, even if only one copy is present. The chance of passing the gene to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy.
See also: autosome, dominant, gene.
Industry:Biology
Single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules of specific base sequence, labeled either radioactively or immunologically, that are used to detect the complementary base sequence by hybridization..
Industry:Biology
The process by which a gene's coded information is converted into the structures present and operating in the cell. Expressed genes include those that are transcribed into mRNA and then translated into protein and those that are transcribed into RNA but not translated into protein (e.g., transfer and ribosomal RNAs)..
Industry:Biology
A chromosome not involved in sex determination. The diploid human genome consists of a total of 46 chromosomes: 22 pairs of autosomes, and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (the X and Y chromosomes).
See also: sex chromosome.
Industry:Biology
